Read John 19 here (text coming …) or at Bible Gateway.
John 19 divides into 4 Chiastic Structures, that I can see:
Joh 18:38b-19:4, The Jews call for Barabbas’ release;
Joh 19:5-16a, The Jews call for Jesus’ crucifixion;
Joh 19:16b-30, The crucifixion;
Joh 19:31-42, The burial.
Notice how many times Pilate tells the Jews, throughout the course of Jesus’ trial, that he finds no fault in Him; that He is an innocent man (Joh 18:38, 19:4, and 19:6). The Gentile Roman adds to the testimony of Jesus’ words, and works, that He is an innocent Man. And if you recall, heaven and earth added their testimony that Jesus was an innocent Man, truly the Son of God:
Now from the sixth hour until the ninth hour there was darkness over all the land. Mat 27:45
The heavens testified with a total solar eclipse for three hours (from noon to 3:00 pm) during His crucifixion.
And Jesus cried out again with a loud voice, and yielded up His spirit. Then, behold, the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom; and the earth quaked, and the rocks were split, and the graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were raised. Mat 27:50-52
The earth testified with an earthquake at the point of His death.
One witness shall not rise against a man concerning any iniquity or any sin that he commits; by the mouth of two or three witnesses the matter shall be established. Deu 19:15
By the way, the Preparation Day mentioned several times was not the Friday before the regular weekly Sabbath; as John tells us that the Preparation Day was for the Passover, which can fall on any day of the week (vs. 14), and also, that the Sabbath they were getting ready to celebrate was a High Sabbath (vs. 31). The High Sabbath was the 1st Day of Unleavened Bread, which Passover opens. Jesus was not crucified on a Friday (Good Friday) because then He would not be three days and three nights in the grave.
If there are questions, these are good resources:
A Physician Analyzes the Crucifixion – Dr. C. Truman Davis
Dating the Crucifixion (The Clockwork Signs in the Sky) – Star of Bethlehem
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