romans 16

Read Romans 16 at Bible Gateway.

Outline:

Rom 1:1-7, Greeting and benediction;
Rom 1:8-15, Desire to visit Rome;
Rom 1:16-17, Theme of the letter: the Gospel reveals the righteousness of God;
Rom 1:18-5:21, Justification and the righteousness of God;
Rom 6:1-8:39, Sanctification and the righteousness of God;
Rom 9:1-11:36, God’s righteousness and Israel;
Rom 12:1-15:13, Practical Application of God’s righteousness;
Rom 15:14-16:27, Conclusion.

Rom 1-16 chiastic structure:

1a) Rom 1:1-6, Introduction;

1) Rom 1:1, Apostle separated to the gospel of God;
2) Rom 1:2-4, Which He promised before through His prophets/ Scriptures concerning Jesus Christ;
3) Rom 1:5-6, Through whom we have received grace for obedience to the faith among all nations;

1b) Rom 1:7, Greeting;

1c) Rom 1:8-15, Paul’s ministry and past plans;

1d) Rom 1:16-3:31, Man deserves wrath but instead God has revealed His mercy in Jesus Christ;

1e) Rom 4:1-25, The promises made to the fathers reveal justification by faith;

1f) Rom 5:1-21, God has received us;

1g) Rom 6:1-23, Do not continue in sin;

1h) Rom 7:1-8:30, Righteous requirement of the Law fulfilled by walking in the Spirit not the flesh;

1i) Rom 8:31-39, God loves us in Jesus Christ;

central axis) Rom 9:1-11:32, God accomplishes the salvation of the world, both Gentile and Jew;

1a) Rom 9:1-10:1, Not all are Israel after the flesh/ the Gentiles became the people of God by righteousness of faith;

1a) Rom 9:1-5, Paul’s grief over the resistance of his fellow Israelites;
1b) Rom 9:6-13, They are not all Israel who are of Israel according to the flesh;
1c) Rom 9:14-18, God is not unrighteous to show mercy or His power as He wills;
1d) Rom 9:19, You will say to me then, “Why does He still find fault? For who has resisted His will?”
central axis) Rom 9:20a, But indeed, O man, who are you to reply against God?
2d) Rom 9:20b, Will the thing formed say to him who formed it, “Why have you made me like this?”
2c) Rom 9:21-24, God has the right as Creator to make His power known in wrath + His glory known in mercy;
2b) Rom 9:25-33, The Gentiles became the people of God by the righteousness of faith;
2a) Rom 10:1, Paul’s heart’s desire for the salvation of his fellow Israelites;

1b) Rom 10:2-3, Israel has zeal for God, but not according to knowledge, being ignorant of God’s righteousness;
1c) Rom 10:4-11, Christ is the fulfillment of the law for righteousness to everyone who believes;
central axis) Rom 10:12-13, For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; for the same Lord is Lord of all, and is rich to all who call on him. For, “Whoever will call on the name of the Lord will be saved;”
2c) Rom 10:14-18, How will they call on Him in whom they have not believed/ believe in whom they have not heard;
2b) Rom 10:19a, But I ask, didn’t Israel know?

2a) Rom 10:19b-11:36, Israel after the flesh will be saved when the fullness of Gentiles have come in;

1a) Rom 10:19b-11:6, God has not cast away His people whom He foreknew, according to the election of grace;
1b) Rom 11:7-15, The elect have obtained it, and the rest were blinded/ through it salvation has come to the Gentiles;
central axis) Rom 11:15b-24, The natural and wild branches of the olive tree of Israel;
2b) Rom 11:25, Blindness in part has happened to Israel until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in;
2a) Rom 11:26-36, For all Israel will be saved/ God will have mercy on all;

2i) Rom 12:1-13:8a, Practical application of the command to love one another;

2h) Rom 13:8b-10, Love the fulfillment of the Law;

2g) Rom 13:11-14, Cast off the works of darkness, put on the Lord Jesus Christ;

2f) Rom 14:1-15:7, Receive one another;

2e) Rom 15:8, Jesus Christ confirms the promises made to the fathers;

2d) Rom 15:9-13, That the Gentiles might glorify God for His mercy;

2c) Rom 15:14-33, Paul’s ministry and future plans;

2b) Rom 16:1-24, Greetings;

2a) Rom 16:25-27, Benediction;

1) Established according to my gospel and the preaching of Jesus Christ;
2) The revelation of the mystery now made manifest by the prophetic Scriptures;
3) Made known to all nations for obedience to the faith.

For further study:

romans 16, those who cause divisions
romans 16 chiastic structures