Read Leviticus 5 at Bible Gateway.
And it shall be, when he is guilty in any of these matters, that he shall confess that he has sinned in that thing; and he shall bring his trespass offering to YHVH for his sin which he has committed, a female from the flock, a lamb or a kid of the goats as a sin offering. Lev 5:5a
And you He made alive, who were dead in trespasses and sins … Eph 2:1
According to Webster’s 1828 Dictionary, sin is “either a positive act in which a known divine Law is violated, or it is the voluntary neglect to obey a positive divine command, or a rule of duty clearly implied in such command. Sin comprehends not action only, but neglect of known duty, all evil thoughts, purposes, words and desires, whatever is contrary to God’s commands or Law.”
Sin is the whole kit and kaboodle of unrighteousness in any form.
A trespass is a specific type of sin, when any injury or offense is done to another person, or God, causing concrete damage or a violation of rights. Beyond the general remedy for sin (confession, repentance, and atonement) trespasses require an extra step: making full restitution for the damage or violation, plus 20%. Then they bring the trespass offering to atone for the sin.
Why This Matters: A trespass doesn’t stop with violating God’s righteousness, or harming our neighbor. We damage our own souls with guilt that eats away at our hearts like a cancer. Yet beautifully, Yeshua’s blood atoned for this damage also.
Surely He has borne our griefs and carried our sorrows; yet we esteemed Him stricken, smitten by God, and afflicted. But He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our iniquities; the chastisement for our peace was upon Him, and by His stripes we are healed. Isa 53:4-5
The Hebrew paragraphs for this chapter:
5:1-10 {s} The law of the trespass offering (asham) atoned by blood
5:11-13 {s} The law of the trespass offering (asham) atoned by grain
5:14-16 {p} The law of the ram of the trespass offering (asham) in regard to the holy things
5:17-19 {p} The law of the ram of the trespass offering (asham) when in ignorance of the law
If there are questions, these are good resources:
Leviticus 5 and 6, Asham: The trespass offering
Leviticus 1 through 5, The parables of the offerings
Yeshua has freed me from sin and guilt
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