Read Romans 9 at Bible Gateway.
Outline:
Rom 1:1-7, Greeting and benediction;
Rom 1:8-15, Desire to visit Rome;
Rom 1:16-17, Theme of the letter: the Gospel reveals the righteousness of God;
Rom 1:18-5:21, Justification and the righteousness of God;
Rom 6:1-8:39, Sanctification and the righteousness of God;
Rom 9:1-11:36, God’s righteousness and Israel;
Rom 9:1-10:1, God is righteous to show both wrath and mercy to whom He wills, both Jew and Greek;
Rom 9:1-10:1 chiastic structure:
1a) Rom 9:1-5, Paul’s grief over the resistance of his fellow Israelites;
1b) Rom 9:6-13, They are not all Israel who are of Israel according to the flesh;
1c) Rom 9:14-18, God is not unrighteous to show mercy or His power as He wills;
1a) Rom 9:14-16, God is not unrighteous/ He has mercy + compassion on whomever He wills;
central axis) Rom 9:17, The Scripture says to the Pharaoh, “For this very purpose I have raised you up, that I may show My power in you, and that My name may be declared in all the earth;”
2a) Rom 9:18, Therefore He has mercy on whom He wills, and whom He wills He hardens;
1d) Rom 9:19, You will say to me then, “Why does He still find fault? For who has resisted His will?”
central axis) Rom 9:20a, But indeed, O man, who are you to reply against God?
2d) Rom 9:20b, Will the thing formed say to him who formed it, “Why have you made me like this?”
2c) Rom 9:21-24, God has the right as Creator to make His power known in wrath + His glory known in mercy;
1a) Rom 9:21, The potter chooses to make vessels for both honor and dishonor;
central axis) Rom 9:22a, What if God, wanting to show His wrath and to make His power known;
2a) Rom 9:22c-24, Endured vessels of wrath that His glory might be shown in vessels of mercy, both Jews + Greeks;
2b) Rom 9:25-33, The Gentiles became the people of God by the righteousness of faith;
2a) Rom 10:1, Paul’s heart’s desire for the salvation of his fellow Israelites.
We cannot understand this chapter without first understanding the principle of the seed:
romans 9, the principle of the seed
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